Walking as an essential physical element of human life has been on the decline.

Some say relying on automobiles for everything has made life easier, whereas some others are of the opinion that substituting walking makes life tougher.

• How do you see walking as an essential element of life?
• How does relying on automobiles help human life?   
• Try to see the dangers of substituting walking.
• What reasons do you attribute to declining walking?
• Try to identify the virtues of walking in general.
• Positive attitude to walking pays great dividends. How?

One-liners:

What do YOU say of these following one-liners?

Try to write no less than 150 words on the following: you may choose the language, points and paragraphing on your own, but in line with ielts requirements. if you are out for more than 150 words, do it. 

1.         Roads are much safer when automobiles are more efficient.

2.         Children are better cared for when their parents are better employed.

3.         Schools are friendly for children if their teachers are friendly.

4.         Smaller homes are much better than bigger ones.

5.         Individual responsible living is what is needed to ensure all securities.

6.         All habitually hard working people are lucky.

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7.         Living a healthy life is a kind of nation building.

8.         Technology is a boon. It is man who makes it others wise.

 

9.         Punishment can hardly change people, but powerful words can.

10.       It is the rich who make the world insecure in terms of water, food, fuel etc.

1.

In some academic regimes, students are encouraged to take a break and pursue their personal interests. This optional is taken as an extra edge when such students line up for employment opportunities.

• Try to see the advantages and disadvantages of this system?

2.

There is a prediction that road transportation would face a saturation point in the long run on account of the number of automobiles that hit the roads everyday.

• Do you think road transportation is out for such a point?

3.

Looking at the exponential rise in the number of private cars that hit the roads everyday, some environmentalists press the need for imposing a ceiling on the number of cars being brought out to the market every year.

• How is this idea going to work in favour of the environment?
• How are car makers going to take this move?

Conserving wild life is extremely important. Some people think that promoting wild life tourism will do great favours for the wild, whereas there is another view that it should be discouraged; thereby leave the wild animals on their own.

How best are these options to going serve wild life conservation in general?

Since the need for conserving wild animals is felt much more today than ever, there are suggestions as to how it could be done. Promoting wildlife tourism and discouraging it, in some way, can contribute much to the welfare of animals.

As a matter of fact, animals need protection primarily from man. Obviously, it is man who has to have a sustainable attitude towards wildlife. In such a context, if wild life tourism is promoted responsibly, people will get to know animals closely and realize the need for conservation them. Naturally, their responsibility and respect quotient towards animals will find new highs.

For example, wildlife tourism if conducted scientifically, people will ensure that animals are safe, their habitats are pristine and they should be free from any intervention. Additionally, the income generated out of this tourism genre may be used for funding conservation exercises periodically. So there is a point that wildlife tourism can help conserve wildlife. 

The second option, on the other hand, works on a different plain altogether. Basically, all animals have their own survival mechanisms, and these instincts work well when they are left to fend for themselves. Naturally, if there is no human intervention in their habitats, they would survive better. Secondly, animal habitats are unique in their own ways, and presence of tourists in their domains may hamper their normal well being to an extent. So discouraging wildlife tourism is in a way able to do some good for animals.

So both the options are of some significance in terms of animal welfare. Still I feel it is a good idea to leave animal on their own. But efforts need to be taken to save the lives of those animals that are facing extinction. Here any human intervention is welcome. 

285 words

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Discussion question answers

The way people do their jobs have changed..........?
            The way people do their jobs have changed. Now, people are becoming more educated and the influence of new technologies and the internet have given way to new jobs. That makes their jobs easier and faster. But in the past, most of people were dependant on their traditional jobs like farming or fishing etc, which were seasonal and between them  they might be in poverty.

            That is why educated new generation is away from the traditional jobs and selecting jobs according to their skills.

(2) Homemakers in the past were......?

            Homemakers in the past were not very powerful because they were illiterate. They had lived in a small world of husband, parents or kids. Gone are the days when women who were not employed, but took care of the domestic side. They had worked all day long as a machine. They had played a secondary role in society, their activities were confined to the household.

            But a lot has changed in the way things are done in the average household in our advanced societies. They are educated and they have supporting organizations. Both men and women contribute to the household equally. Now, their life is not behind the walls of the single house, instead they are very powerful in their respective societies.

            Today, women are also breadwinners. In some countries they are overtaking men as bread winners. They are more educated and are in a world of equality, now women and men ' work , play , shop and share  each other. Things have changed dramatically. In a stage of rich women and emasculated men (what do you mean Aby?). 

(3) Family as such in the past....?

Yes, the family is the most important unit of society and it plays an essential role in fulfilling the emotional and physical needs  of individual, which is  required for achieving economic and social development. In the past most of families were joined families .They were able to keep good relationship with neighbours and others in the society. But today, most of families are nuclear families  and are very selfish. They are living in their own world. The introduction of flat system also diminished the involvement of family in the society.

Task 1 Question

The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam.

Write a 150-word report for a university lecturer explaining how the process works.

This is a Net download, and have not rights over it. Try to edit this over length write up and reduce it to no less than 275 words

Question:

Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live?

The twentieth century has brought with it many advances. With those advances, human lives have changed dramatically. In some ways life is worse, but mostly it is better. Changes in food preparation methods, for example, have improved our lives greatly.

The convenience of preparing food today is amazing. Even stoves have gotten too slow for us. Microwave cooking is much easier. We can press a few buttons and a meal is completely cooked in just a short time. People used to spend hours preparing an oven-cooked meal, and now they can use that time for other, better things. Plus, there are all kinds of portable, prepackaged foods we can buy. Heat them in the office microwave, and lunch at work is quick and easy.

Food preparation today allows for more variety. With refrigerators and freezers, we can preserve a lot of different foods in our homes. Since technology makes cooking so much faster, people are willing to make several dishes for even a small meal. Parents are more likely to let children be picky, now that they can easily heat them up some prepackaged macaroni and cheese on the side. Needless to say, adults living in the same house may have very different eating habits as well. If they don’t want to cook a lot of different dishes, it’s common now to eat out at restaurants several times a week.

Healthful eating is also easier than ever now. When people cook, they use new fat substitutes and cooking sprays to cut fat and calories. This reduces the risk of heart disease and high cholesterol. Additionally, we can buy fruits and vegetable fresh, frozen or canned. They are easy to prepare, so many of us eat more of those nutritious items daily. A hundred years ago, you couldn’t imagine the process of taking some frozen fruit and ice from the freezer, adding some low-fat yogurt from a plastic cup and some juice from a can in the refrigerator, and whipping up a low-fat smoothie in the blender!

Our lifestyle is fast, but people still like good food. What new food preparation technology has given us is more choices. Today, we can prepare food that is more convenient, healthier, and of greater variety than ever before in history.

(376 words)

Imagine that you had attended a party sometime back, and when you were with your friends, your circle happened to a little noise which in turn disturbed the whole party badly. Actually it was an inadvertent development you could not help it.

Write a letter to the host of the part describing the circumstances and apologize for the inconvenience.

You may begin like,

Dear Madam,

1.

Some people argue that governments should not permit private medical research, unless the fruits of these researches are made affordable and accessible for all the nationals.

• Discussion.

Some people believe that all medical professionals need to spare a couple of years in rural areas. This is more beneficial for the medical professionals themselves than for the rural folk.

• DISCUSSION

Medical profession is so gender sensitive that male and females should not be allowed to take up medical courses indiscriminately.

• To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?

A patient’s right to know of the effects and side effects of a medication is not so seriously considered in poor nations as in rich nations.

• Why is it so?
• Why is it so important?

The fast-paced horizontal urbanization poses great threats to the ecology. Therefore, some people say that it is a good idea to encourage vertical growth in urban areas.

• How do you see this idea?

As a matter of fact, faster horizontal urbanization is ecologically dangerous. However, vertical urbanization as an alternative idea does not sound that practical in many ways. Of course, it can solve a few problems. Let me see.

At the face of this idea can solve a handful of problems. First of all, upward growth of cities will be able to accommodate huge number of offices, families and businesses like super markets and malls. For example, a commercial complex can house hundreds of offices, and so is the case with a residential complex where hundreds of families can stay in. Obviously, this move can save a lot space: fresh lands in the semi-urban and rural areas that, otherwise, would get converted into urban sprawls sooner than later. So, vertical urbanization is good to a limited extent.

But, urbanization involves huge development exercises, and there are projects that demand vast landed areas. For example, all urban developments cannot be carried out one on top of the other. Rather, some urbanization exercises demand fresh lands. Railway expansion, airports, industrial estates and power plants and waste management units are a few examples of them. Besides this, free flow of sanitation network, communication cables, power grid and research and academic facilities come up periodically, and the same call for horizontal urbanization greatly. Needless to say, there is great need for growing sideways.

In short, vertical urbanization is able to solve a couple of problems suffered by the ecology. But the real issue lies in how people are going to blend both these options so as to meet the rising need for urbanization.

260 words 7.8.012

Writing of process charts: INTR0DUCTIONS:

We all like instant coffee, but many of us are not…….

Coffee is a simple enough beverage, but how it is ……..

Safety clips are known to us, but do we really…….

The need for water recycling is much higher today, but how it is….

We cannot imagine of a life without power, but how power is generated……

Who doesn’t like chocolates, but how knows how it is ………………

We all visit offices, but how an office is constituted,

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We are going to see, here is a report on/ let me show how/ this process tells us… p

1. The process involved in the……..
2. The different steps go into the making of
3. How ………….produced/manufactured.
4. How something is prepared
5. There are ---------number of steps involved in the
6. Pictogram shows how………….is done
7. This pictorial representation tells us how……….
8. This is about the process of making …….
9. The various stages of the production of…….
10. What are the elements that constitute a……..

• First of all,……………
• Firlsy, …………..prepared/formed/made
• The first step involved is…………
• In the initial stage………….is put into a ……….
• The next step is called…………….
• What follows next is ………………….
• At the end of this process, there starts the second……..
• This is followed……………..
• Now it is taken to a……….where it is ………..(3)
• This is done to make it ………………
• Once it is done, there is another step called………
• There are different functions in ……………..
• There are some complicated procedures involved in….
• A machine checks it for………………
• The quality control machine identifies……….
• This part of the process leads to the second stage……
• And finally………..
• At the end……………
• That is the final stage of…………….
• This is what is involved in the process of………….
• This is all about the process that go into the making…….

Let’s go figurative and idiomatic

1. Get rid of something
2. Do away with something
3. Go want of something
4. Deprive somebody of something
5. Relieve somebody of something

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• Cash in on something
• Get hold of something
• Zero in on someone
• Dilly dally on something
• Willy nilly on something

1.      To call a spade a spade

2.      To make both ends meet

3.      Live on a shoe string budget

4.      Have a hand to mouth existence

5.      Eat humble pie

·        A cut above the rest

·        Go a few notches up

·        Have some extra edge

·        Have a little more edge over the rest

·        Cut for someone

1.      Wash one’s hands off

2.      Look down upon

3.      Keep somebody in the lurch

4.      Keep aloof from

5.      Succumb to something

·        Die in harness

·        Strike a chord

·        Book someone

·        Put behind bars

·        Be in someone’s blue book

1.      Go waste

2.      Turn hostile/red

3.      Be antagonistic

4.      Make hay

5.      Run into rough weather

Reading the modus operandi

1. Question types          number of questions             question split in all three sections
2. Read the questions to internalize not just to understand
3. Identifying the real test and the corresponding text
4. Size of paragraphs and their potential to have questions
5. Identifying where to read and what to read for
6. Sign posting paragraphs: write the idea in the margin
7. Pull out years, events, names/nouns and jot them down outside
8. Be careful about pithy sentences that begin or end a paragraph.
9. Italics, hyphenation, quoting double or single are indicative.
10. Never every take time from second section to do the first section. 
11. Do it before time, so that tougher areas can have a little more time.
12.  Be aware of typography. White every answer neatly and seriously.

 Check out these tricky areas. these pairs may give tough times, but at times they help you spot an answer.

• Synonyms                              antonyms
• Negatives                               Positives
• Negatives                               Double negatives
• Active                                     passive
• Different text tense                different test tense
• Subordinates                         Mains
• Mains                                      Subordinates
• Singulars                                plurals
• Many                                       All
• All                                            Most of
• Prior to                                   until
• Until                                         Before
• It is believed that                   It is (absolute)
• Sold                                        bought
• Gave                                       was given
• Neither                                    either
• No way it is                            Neither is it
• However                                 Nonetheless
• Still                                          But
• Yet                                           Notwithstanding
• Besides                                  In addition
• By and large                          Generally
• Same                                      More or less same
• Smallest question                 Longest question
• A strange word                      A word that hasn’t appreared
• Capital letters                        Apostrophe
• Articles                                   Nouns/with adjectives
• For                                          Since
• Reading in between              Reading the main sentence
• Conditionals                          Main ideas
• Similar ones                          Meaningless ones
• Eliminating                             reducing

Reading process:

• Visualize the text area that have you an answer
• Identify the concluding part of lead sentences
• Avoid reading the whole text again and again.
• Questions are framed from certain areas
• Look for: For example: it proves a point.
• Read the question audibly to locate the text missing
• Read the left and right of missing space
• Read aloud the given part with beginning missing
• Read along the given part with end missing.
• Some questions and answers give clues to other answers.
• If a question seems to be taking long: ignore it. You can make 10 mistakes
• If you have no other go, just guess. There is no negative marking.
• When multiple choice gives you no other go. Take the longest answer.
• All yes questions are seen to be the shortest.
• All not given questions are seen to be the longest.
• Writers’ attitude, title/type of the topic etc. will be plain.

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All the above ways and means are relative and the reader has to have his or her own comfort zones developed out of practice.

1. All good scorers are good readers.
2. All good scores are a perfect blend of a lot of faculties. There is no shortcut, but there are innumerable tools and tips. They differ though from test to test. The common ones are common for all.  

IELTS writing task one and two question and anwers

Task I

The extent of semi-urban land got urban and rural land got semi-urban in four years recorded in two Indian metros. Write a report. 

Semi-urban- Urban	1998	1999	2000	2001
Mumbai	400	600	700	1200
Calcutta	199	550	700	1200
Rural- Semi-urban
Mumbai	600	700	900	1000
Calcutta	100	275	360	900

In approximate square kms

The extent of carbon footprint in kgms/sq kms for the same period

Mumbai	190	400	450	600
Culcutta	95	190	230	305

Ajaypeesproperty. www.jpsukham.blogspot.com

Task II

The best way out to limit uncontrolled urban expansion is to encourage vertical growth of urban landscapes.

• How far do you agree or disagree with this?

An elaborate model by jaypee

The first table deals with the extent of semi-urban and rural land that got converted into urban and semi-urban in two Indian metros during 1998-2000 period, and the second one is on the quantity of carbon in these two metros.

In 1998, 400sq/kms of semi-urban land got converted into urban land in Mumbai, and its extent kept on increasing over the years with 1999 recording an up by 50% followed by a slowdown in 2000, 700 sq/kms. But in 2001, the figure shot up to 1200, a clean three-fold rise. The corresponding figures for Culcutta show contrasting findings for the first two years. It was almost half, but in 1999, 2000 period, there was a leveling up for both, 1200 sq/kms.

Moving on to rural to semi-urban, the pattern is same. Mumbai stood first with 1998 claiming 600 sq/kms, and the figure went on surging and in 2000, it touched 1000 mark. But Culcutta had a slow pace. The figures were like 100, 275, 360 and 900 respectively. 

In the case of carbon footprint also, there was an upward spiral and obviously Mumbai stood first. It was190 kgms/sqkms and in four years’ time it shot up to 600, an increase by three times. The corresponding figures for Culcutta were almost 50% of Mumbai’s. 

Task II

The best way out to limit uncontrolled urban expansion is to encourage vertical growth of urban landscapes.

• How far do you agree or disagree with this?

The fast-paced urbanization is a severe concern across the world. There are several alternatives to curb this horizontal expansion, and promoting vertical growth is construed to be the best. In my opinion, going vertical too sounds a few alarm bells. Let me check it out.

At the face of it, vertical growth in urban landscapes can make great differences in what we call mindless urban horizontal expansion leading to huge land acquisition, ecological concerns and social disorders. Primarily, upper segment of the cities are otherwise useless, and the heightened need for space makes it meaningful to exploit such voids. This would definitely have great impact on the way cities expand sideways.

For example, multi-storey commercial and residential edifices can accommodate huge number of offices and families. This saves a lot of space, energy and time. So, to an extent, vertical growth is likely to address a few pestering questions raised by haphazard urbanization. 

However, there are questions still. Vertical growth cannot meet all the requirement of urbanization. Urbanization does not simply mean accommodating offices and people. It is of infrastructure, supplies, roads, railways, sea and airports, securities, sanitation and the list is enormous. So, vertical growth will not be able to meet all these. And finally, the threats vertical growth poses are so big that at times of calamites, both manmade and natural, the risks will be far beyond all calculations. 

Concluding it, I find it right to add that vertical growth as such is fine to a limited extent, but in the long run what is likely to make real changes in the congested metros is nothing but horizontal expansion carried out in a scientific, futuristic and phased manner.

270 words

Ajaypeesdoc. 2.8.012

Academic migrants, in some nationalists’ point of view, should not be allowed to stay back in the country (where they get higher education from).

Argue for and against this view.

Stay back facility, as a matter of fact, is the force behind many overseas education attempts. This attitude is opposed by some people, but there are arguments favouring it as well.

The primary argument in favour of stay back may be that in a global world order it is unfair and illogical to put a ban on prospective human resource getting their due slots in any part of the world. For example, great numbers of skilled and professional manpower working in developed nations are overseas brains culled out of academic institutions.

Second argument might be this that education service providers in rich nations will have to feel the pinch if stay back is lifted, for there would not be many takers for higher education in the long run. For example, overseas students are the cash cows of these institutions and the latter cannot afford to lose their market and revenue thereof.

However strong the arguments for stay back may sound, the opponents have equally powerful ones to defend their stance. They may claim that stay back is putting huge holes in the employment basket of the nationals who are more privileged to get employed than other nationals.

Besides this, stay back option is quite often misused by service takes and providers alike, and their vile efforts to flout rules lead to many crimes and social disorders. For example, in developed nations, poorly placed students (placed by run by night operators) are found to be doing asocial activities by ignoring or disregarding laws. This may cause discrimination, animosity and disharmony.

In short, both the quarters may have many other arguments too, but, looking at academic migration from a global perspective, banning the deserving from staying back will be a lose-lose proposition in more ways than one. I feel so. 

285 words 2.8.012

Ajaypeesdoc.