A typical report of a graph..... draq up graph..

This is a model answer. try to draw a line graph for this report.

The line graph gives information about the differences in the expenses on mobile phone and land-phone in the United State from 2001 to 2010.  The most significant feature is that the expenditure on cell phone escalated whereas that of fixed phone declined in those ten years.

It can be clearly seen that, in 2001, the expenses on mobile phone was only $200 and then, its rate increased to $ 300 in 2002, a rise by 50%, followed by a slight decrease in 2003. Subsequent to this, there was a gradual rise throughout the years and finally reached to its peak level in 2010; that was an average of about $750.

However, US consumers spent $700 on landline in 2001 and then, its figure continuously dropped   throughout   the years and reached to 450$ in 2010; that was half  of the average recorded in 2001. Surprisingly,  An average American’s  spending on landline and cell phone in the year 2006  as about 550 $.

To sum up, it is obvious from the graph that, (no comma) people of the United States had more interest on mobile phone than landline in those years. 175 words..

Violent offences and minor crimes. Vs justice

Some judicial experts say that courts need to focus more on those violent offences than dealing with all the cases that may come up before the court. This view is countered by others claiming that the judiciary is bound to hear all the cases in which freedom/security is offended either violently or otherwise.

·         How do you react to the first view?

·         Do you think all minor offences can be dealt with by other means?  

Some people spend greater time for travelling between home and work and study

Today some people have to spend more and more time everyday for travelling between home, workplace and study.

·         What are the reasons for this?

·         What suggestions can you have to overcome this?

Spending time for routine has been there in the life of people for ages, but, of late, some people are spending greater time for this. There must be some solid reasons behind it, and I have a few recommendations to solve this problem. Let me explain.

Though the world is said to be fast, it is not so for some at least in terms of commuting between home and work or study. Basically, all are not equally accessing the possibilities of faster modes of travel like personal vehicles and metro connections. For example, a college-going student does have to fall back on seedy public transport every day. Unaffordable oil price, resulting in poor fuel economy, is a culprit.  

The rising apathy of urban and semi-urban transport authorities makes things worse. They fail to envisage the rush on the roads, and commuters -- from daily wagers to regular employees to students of all levels – make a beeline in mass modes of transports, costing time. Urban centric expansion can be cited as another reason; for it keeps people of distant places travel longer daily.  

Peak hour traffic streamlining is the first remedy to cut down on travel-time. Besides, it would be worth it if commuters could concentrate on the idea, start early to reach fast. For example, on a particular day, offices, schools and businesses get started between nine and 10 am, and most of the people in these areas wait for the eleventh hour. Starting a little early is wiser. And, finally, mass employers may arrange conveyance for their staff. It is a fairer idea.

In short, the reasons for the rising time people put in for travelling between home and their places of business may vary greatly in different places. Anyway, the above suggestions would work everywhere and for all.  

290 words jaypeesdoc. 26.7.15

IT enabled platforms for governance,chances and challenges. solved

In recent years, owing to technological developments and emerging security and administrative challenges, many governments are implementing schemes and programs through information technology platforms. This change offers both chances and challenges.

What in your opinion are those major chances and challenges?

The information technology enabled national programmes and plans, necessitated by the modern challenges in security and governance, are becoming common among many nations. Like any transition, this dependence of real-time-technology-based measures is a mix of possibilities and problems.

The primary thing is that it is real-time and the government and the governed are at a greater advantage in terms of time. For example, a citizen can very easily access a government certified document online if he or she is prepared to upload the needed particulars online. What is saved is precious time of people and those in power. Besides this, such a system would help plug duplication, track criminals, mitigate manipulations and ensure transparency. Above all, highly populated nations would be able to keep tab on their citizens in terms of their health, wealth, domicile and data on taxes and transactions. These are some of the upsides.

Though possibilities galore, it is hard to lose sight of the concerns. The thing is IT platforms are not as secure as people are told. This can be explained with an example. Since IT service providers work world over and services are contracted across the spectrum by private firms, any evil element could hack a site and grab valuable data of the whole population and use it for commercial or criminal needs. This concern would get aggravated when people come to know that their precious personal particulars are being handled by people they have never known before or will ever know at all. This is nightmarish. Ultimately, people’s privacy may get hijacked, to say the least.

In short, if observed objectively, IT enabled government schemes and plans to meet the challenges of governance and security are good in many more ways than one. But, a close look at this shift would reveal that there are serious pitfalls. Sadly, many nations cannot do without them.

290 words. Jaypeesdoc. 25.7.15

Engaged fathers vs, mothers in parenting,

Some people believe that more engaged fathers are as good as mothers when it comes to childcare and parenting. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?

maternity leave and population

Some people view that women should be given a year-long maternity leave with all the allowances, while others say such a provision might encourage great population growth and, therefore, it should be reduced to a couple of months. 

·         Discuss both the views to find out the substance behind them.

The provision for longer maternity leave has always invited differing views. For some people, it is worth it to offer a year-long paid leave; but for others, longer paid break is detrimental on population grounds. Let me discuss these two views to see how well founded they are.

A year-long paid leave would do great favours for both the mothers and their babies. The thing is that successful mothering calls for greater peace of mind and genuine dedication. These two things will add on to the welfare of the baby. The constant presence of mother for a year will make the child healthy For instance, many studies have found that mothers who have been able to stay with their newborns are healthier and, so, more productive than others. Besides this, such lucky children are found to be making great differences in terms of nation building.  

The detrimental effects, however, on population growth due to this are grave as well. It is a fact that, when mothering becomes much less expensive and more convenient, many couple would go complacent.  In some cases, the time gap between two children might come down too, thinking that the government would foot the bill. The other thing is that it is rather harder for any government to feed all the mothers for a year without getting any immediate returns. This burden would be further augmented by the additional population generated out of this provision.

The discussion, in short, makes it very much clear that both the views hold enough water, and the first view, though a little ambitious for many governments, is futuristic. However, minimizing it to a couple of months is harmful for those serious mothers who wish their children to be hale and healthy.

290 words. A jaypeesdoc

 

The table gives information about how the people of  Someland (not Someland people, it is an indianism) of  (not in)  various age groups spend free times per year. The most significant feature is that teenagers and old people spend (present tense, it is average finding) more time for watching television than other groups.

It can be clearly seen that the total hours for watching television in teenagers and old people was 1200, 1100 hours respectively. Meanwhile, teens spend 100 hours for cinema, twelve times less than what they set for watching TV; whereas, those more than seventy years on average spare (tense) 75 hours for that. On the other hand, the thirties prefer to socialise with four or less people (figures missing) while, the ‘twenties’ like to socialize with four or more people, (average figure).

However, among the age groups thirties and fourteens, individual exercise is finer whereas, it is groups exercise and sport for teens and those in their twenties.  Surprisingly, the sixty and seventy age brackets have the least interest in it.

To sum up, it may be said that there is a close association between the type of activity people are interested in, the extent of time they spare and their age groups. 

Technology and shopping habits. a good read

How technology will fill your shopping basket

You’ve just finished off the last of the corn flakes, your other half is clearing up the breakfast things and about to throw away the empty box. Hang on a minute!

You grab your new scanning device and zap the box before it hits the bin. The scanner is synced with your online supermarket account, so corn flakes are instantly added to your shopping list. The milk, eggs and flour are about to run out too, so you scan them for good measure.

Will this type of gizmo make your life easier, more fun even? Supermarket chain Waitrose thinks it will. It’s in the latter stages of trialing its “hiku” home scanner and plans to roll it out within the year.

“It’s basically a fridge magnet with a scanner on it. I like to think of it as taking online shopping off the screen and into the kitchen,” says Tom Fuller, Waitrose’s head of technology innovation. And it has voice recognition, so you can tell it what to add to the list.

Of course, this isn’t just about making shopping more fun. Across our high streets, from supermarkets to fashion stores, Britain’s retailers are tripping over themselves to digitise and personalise our shopping experience. The aim is to inspire brand loyalty and drive up sales at the same time.

“New technology initiatives are about trying to create loyalty, and about trying to push the message that supermarkets have a hi-tech, progressive aspect to their brand,” says Richard Cope, a retail trends analyst at Mintel.

In some small format Tesco stores, for example, they have begun installing “endless aisles” – huge touchscreen displays that make their entire online selection available for purchase.

And just as pop-up ads target our specific likes online, special sensors, called iBeacons, will soon do the same in stores as well. As you walk around the supermarket, ads are pushed to your mobile phone, prompting you to pick up that chocolate sponge you bought the week before or how about some half-price cream to go with those strawberries? Waitrose says it hopes to roll out the technology within the year.

Sugar and tobacco. taxing agree or disagree

Jan15005tasktwo

Some people argue that sugary foods are causing a public health crisis putting pressure on healthcare machinery similar to what smoking does and they should be taxed in the same way as tobacco.

Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

Keeping a health hazard, like tobacco, under heavy tax net is a common practice followed across the world. In this respect, bringing sugar-intensive foods under such a tax regime is a good idea towards keeping the healthcare system free from further stress.

To me, it is right to agree with the given opinion. The thing is that sugar-rich products have been seen as the prime force behind the alarming rise in the obesity cases across the world. The matter with tobacco is that, by the time people start to use it, they, mostly males, will be in their teens.

But the story is different in the case of sugar which comes to the life of people right in their infancy itself. During teenage, great many would have become a medical eventuality no less severe than one of tobacco generates. Severe taxing on sugar would go a long way in keeping sugar at bay thereby letting the healthcare systems breathe easy.

What tobacco does to the world, people and healthcare industry is that it kills people who are using it and those who are passively experiencing its effects. Sugar, in the same way, kills the users and the spoils the well-being of others dear to them. For example, diabetics is almost a contagion across the world, and in India three out of every ten above 40 years of age are suffering from some sugar-related ailments. The medical bills they accrue are phenomenal for any family. Heavy taxing on sugar is right.

My conclusion is, imposing hefty tax on sugar-strong foods is not going to make the world free from sugar-related hazards one day. How long has the world been fighting against tobacco? It has been ages. However, taxing sugar heavily is right for the world’s health.  

285 words

4.1.15

  

  

Duration of time and extent of attitude. a frame

Some people believe that longer hours of work would amount to greater production, but others are of the view that production is decided more by the personal interest of the employees than by the number of hours one puts in.

Discuss both the views and say what you feel of the second one.

Introduction:

Production is basically relative.

time is a factor. 

But time does not work across all fields.

First para: there is some substance. in manufacturing, it is fine, greater time is greater production

In the service sector it may not. greater time may spoil production

Example: doc. and nurses need balance of mind: for better or greater production

second para.

Attitude is force to reckon with

how one sees one's job is key to greater and/or poor production.

One can push on time if he is not happy 

but one can push production in shorter hours if he has the right attitute

Coming to the second view: It is a great equation that is able to transform any working environment into a place of constant progress.

concl: opinions differ on greater time and right attitude to work

time is a factor at some areas of work, but attitude is applicable at all places

Food habits of children parents and forces

Though much has been said about the unhealthy eating habits of children the world over, what is done towards rectifying the same is very little. Some say it is due to the belief that parents are responsible for children’s eating habits while others blame the absence of controls on food market forces.

Try to see the substance behind these two views and say what you think of the second opinion? 

There is no dearth for discussions, seminars and media covers on the poor eating habits of the children world over. But there is very little walk on these talks. In this context, it is viewed in different ways: things do not change because the onus is on parents’ shoulders; and it is due to poor controls on food market forces. Both views are of some significance.

At the very outset, the world must admit the fact that all good things take shape in the family, and, in the same way, all bad habits get bred inside the family itself. Bad eating habit is one of them. All the talks on the children’s eating habits, for example, are, unfortunately, going on in one direction, and the new generation nuclear parents, obsessed with the food vagaries of their children, are moving on in the opposite. Precious little could be expected of the pretty busy new age parents. If parents cannot do it, who on earth can!!! None.

This sorry situation notwithstanding, we must not miss out the reality that children are children and they are vulnerable to influences. The media advertisements on food products using cute kids and chubby children entice other ordinary children towards mouth-watering food makeovers, exotic dishes, coveting confectionery, yummy junks and sizzling, fizzy beverages. This is dangerous, and the governments are not doing much to control these encroachments on children’s eating habits carried out by corporate food chains day in and day out. Food market is a force.  

In this context, what I think of the second view is that, even if parents are up for rectifying the food habits of their children, it is not likely to happen, for these days, in most of the families, children call the shots, and parents simply fall prey to their pestering pressures. There should be strict controls over food marketing advertisements. This is my conclusion.  

The ease of accessing data and information. and consumerism

One approach

Some say the ease of accessing data and information help consumers make ethical and sustainable buying decisions.

• What do you think of the above opinion? 

Approach two

Some say the ease of accessing data and information help consumers  encourage them to consume more. 

• What do you think of the above opinion? 

Approach three

Some say the ease of accessing data and information help consumers make ethical and sustainable buying decisions  while others say it encourages them to consume more. 

What do you think of these two views? 

Words, vocabulary building, spelling, collocation and synonyms

There are two important steps to learning new vocabulary: First you need to understand the MEANING of the word. You
then need to know how to USE the new word. Writing the new word in a vocabulary book along with a translation will help you with the first stage. However, this will not always be enough to help you with the second stage. The best way to
achieve success here is to use the word or expression in sentences of your own. If you're wrong your teacher will
soon tell you! To help you with this Flo-Joe offers you worksheets for phrasal verbs,

HINT FROM THE EXAMINER

This week ... how improving your spelling could get you a
higher grade!
What techniques do teachers and examiners
recommend to improve spelling?
1. Read, read, read ... is the first recommendation.
Reading in English really will improve your ability to
spell so try and look at a newspaper, magazine or even a
website each day.
2. Practise with a friend. (The following idea was
recommended to us by a top examiner.)
Choose a short paragraph from a book or newspaper and ask
your friend to dictate it to you (i.e. read it out loud)
so you can transcribe (write down) what he or she has said.
You can check against the original text for accuracy.

WORD BANK TEST


the phrasal verb equivalents for the following:
'to relax in a chair'                                                 sit back
'to spread a rumour'              to go rounds         
'to not work properly'            run down
'to accumulate'                       pile up,,,,,,

other words for the following words:

'conclude'               wind up, come to a close, take to a close
'maths'                    calculations, statistics, findings
'person'                  one, individual, fellow, man, guy, chap, common man
'exhibit'                   Show, showcase, display, project, reveal, expose, bring to light
'courage'                 guts, grit, valour, vigour, boldness, the stomach to.. the belly to

the various forms of the following words:

'conclude'               concludes, conclusive, concludes, concluded, concluding           , inconclusive,      

'maths'                    maths, mathematics, mathematician, mathematical

'person'                  personality, personal, personnel, personae, personify, personification, impersonal,  
'exhibit'                   exhibited\, exhibits, verb and now, exhibition, exhibitionism, exhibiting
'courage'                 courage, discourage, discourage, courageous, encourages, encouraging, discouraging


the collocations for
'to ........ the truth' (face/watch/see/view)
'to ........ clean' (show/make/come/be)
'........ evidence' (secure/tight/stiff/firm)
'........ of breath' (frail/short/weak/fragile)
'a regular ........' (pattern/basis/foundation/standard)

Breakdown of leisure popular among the people of Someland

Telshi from Ireland summarizes a huge table as follows; 

The table gives information about how the people of  Someland (not Someland people, it is an indianism) of  (not in)  various age groups spend free times per year. The most significant feature is that teenagers and old people spend (present tense, it is average finding) more time for watching television than other groups.

It can be clearly seen that the total hours for watching television in teenagers and old people was 1200, 1100 hours respectively. Meanwhile, teens spend 100 hours for cinema, twelve times less than what they set for watching TV; whereas, those more than seventy years on average spare (tense) 75 hours for that .On the other hand, the thirties prefer to socialise with four or less people (figures missing) while, the ‘twenties’ like to socialize with four or more people, (average figure).

However, among the age groups thirties and fourteens, individual exercise is finer whereas, it is groups exercise and sport for teens and those in their twenties.  Surprisingly, the sixty and seventy age brackets have much less or least interest in it.

To sum up, t may be said that there is a close association between the type of activity people are interested in, the extent of time they spare and their age groups. 

Children's food habits. a lot of talks and not much walk.

Ms. Telshi from Ireland solves the paper as follows:  

Though much has been said about the unhealthy eating habits of children world over, what is done towards rectifying the same is very little. Some say it is due to the belief that parents are responsible for children’s eating habits while others blame the absence of controls on food market forces.

Try to see the substance behind these two views and say what you think of the second opinion.

These days, although people are aware about the unhealthy eating habits of children, the solutions being found for this issue are not enough.  Many people assume that (no comma after that) it is because of the belief that parents are accountable for children’s eating habits. However, others disagree saying that loss of control over the food companies that (connector that) plays an important role.

It is well-known to all that, in this fast paced world, people prefer to adopt more convenient and easer life. Therefore, parents have a tendency to buy food from outside especially fast foods which are easily available in the market. Eventually, children happen to be addicted to (not become addict) towards such food items that would create health problems. If parents try to cook nutritious food at home, it will reduce the adverse effects of overconsumption of fast foods. Apart from that, parents themselves cut poor models for children in terms of food habits. So bad food habits get bred at home, and not much can be done to address it from outside.

(read the question and read the last part of the above paragraph. Do not go away from the question)

On the other hand, some people think that food companies have tremendous impact in children’s eating habits. Nowadays, food companies show many advertisements in the media that would encourage children to buy such items. If governments can put controls over such ads, it (not that) would be beneficial and children could, thereby, be freed from the temptations of bad foods.

Moreover, most of the food industries add more artificial ingredients in order to attract children and keep them follow their foods. Therefore, even if parents are concerned and worried of their children’s food habits, the 24x7 media influence on children in too big for parents to deter their children from bad habits. Food market is a force here, and parents are at a disadvantage. (read the question and read the last part of the above paragraph. Do not go away from the question)

From the above mentioned points, it can be concluded that, in this fast moving world, food market forces have huge impact in children’s life. Hence, it is the responsibility of the authorities to ban the items which are risks to health. Parents alone cannot do much, neither can governments; it is rather a collective mission. (read the question and read the last part of the above paragraph. Do not go away from the question)