Thursday, April 30, 2009

Some say, since summer vacation is a welcome break from the pestering academic responsibilities and dogging domestic duties, school children should not be forced to undertake anything that they do not like to pursue.

Argue for and against this statement? Jaypees. 1/5/09. 7.30 www.jpsukham.blogspot.com
Since being connected to the rest of the world is much more important today than it was before, many people feel that school children should be permitted to keep mobile phones while they are at school.

· Argue for and against this statement.


There is heated discussion on whether children be allowed to carry mobiles when they are at school or not. If we look at this argument from an objective angle, we may be able to find several positive and negative aspects to the same. 40 words

Arguing for it, even a cursory look may reveal that sporting a mobile is a good idea because, today, children, the most vulnerable section, need to stay connected with the rest of the world, especially with their near and dear ones. A deeper analysis would again prove that being connected offers children many advantages by way of security, navigating while traveling, gathering information, and being networking. Since we are living in a world of revolutionary changes in the field of communication, it will be unfair of us, if we keep our children aloof. So, let them be connected. 95 words

On the other hand, this idea entails some serious practical difficulties. First of all, mobiles offer children many temptations to get influenced, mostly negatively. Children being credulous and vulnerable, mobiles may take children to wrong ways and the consequence may me very serious. Secondly, it can be argued that class rooms and school atmosphere are meant primarily for learning, and the need for being connected can be set aside while children are at school. Finally, mobile phones cause some health risks and children, being exposed to the lures of mobiles, may overuse the same. So it is better students stay off their mobiles for a while. 100 words

In short, ‘mobile phones at school’ is a controversial issue worth debating. However, if children are disciplined enough to manage it for their good, it is fine. If it is the other way round, we better not allow them to be connected, for school hours, at least. 45 words

280 words jaypees. 19 hrs. 30/4/09
jpsukham.blogspot.com

Wednesday, April 29, 2009

The environmental concept called three R’s- Reduce, Reuse and Recycle- is gaining increasing popularity world over these days.

What is the significance of three R’s?
As an educated informed individual what can you do to promote this concept? 30/4/09.


Look the following questions generated out of the same concept.
You may have enough points with you. But, here you have to be processing your language in such a way as to make your answer satisfy the question. It is your language skill to settle a question accordingly is what is being tested.


1. What are the advantages of promoting three R’s?
2. Look at the reasons why this concept is gaining popularity?

3. There is pressing need for reducing, reusing and recycling. Why?
4. What advantages does the environment enjoy out of three R’s?

5. How can we promote environment-friendly attitude among people?
6. Promoting three R’s is an individual responsibility of all for the well being of all. Comment on the statement?

7. What are the forces that act against three R’s?
8. Do you think environmental awareness is poor among people? If yes, why is it so? Suggest your own ways to educate the public.

9. Do you think globalization has something to do with environment?
10. All environmental issues are collateral damages of development. Therefore, there is no growth without environmental impacts. How fat is this true in your point of view?


30/4/09.
www.jpsukham.blogspot.com
visit. vaatupura on google

Tuesday, April 28, 2009

Factors that cause stress in modern day life.

The bar chart furnishes the result of a survey conducted on 1000 adults aged 25+ years to assess what makes modern life stressful.

To begin with, above 70% people are of opinion that it is moving house that gives great stress followed by ‘getting divorced’; 60% respondents feel so. Third most stress-giving factor is the arrival of new technology. Above 40% people feel so, which is closely followed by ‘getting to work’ which is agreed upon by 40%. When work related worries give stress to 30% participants, another 30% feels that it is noise problems. It is followed by children’s future. Nearly 30% participants have that impression.

Slightly below 20 percent adults feel that worries about own future and home security give them stress. Finally, problem with neighbors gives stress to the least. A little above 10% people have that impression.

It may be concluded that factors leading to stresses vary enormously in today’s life, and the most stressful one is moving house and the least, problems with neighbours.

165 words. jaypees

Monday, April 27, 2009

Prices of commodities - ranging from grocery to energy to building material to medical products - are on the rise making life more and more miserable.

· Look at the causes and effects of these skyrocketing prices? jaypees.doc. 27/4/09

Price rise is a common market phenomenon in all markets, and the reasons for the same vary from market to market. However, there are certain common factors that can be attributed to all markets, and needless to say price rise has far reaching consequences. 40 words

To begin with, the most important reason for price rise is the increasing power of money, or in general terms, it is inflation. For example, when people handle a lot of easy money, they have a tendency to spend more on products and services which otherwise would be available for far less. Secondly, it is the market forces. Second major reason is the rising imbalance between supply and demand due to rising consumption. For example, when there supply shortage, the available products would go dearer. This will, in turn, result in the third reason. It makes traders resort to unhealthy market practices like hoarding, leading to artificial demand. Finally, the upward spiral in the oil prices in the international market adds fuel to fire. 105

When it comes to its consequences, there are many with long and short societal implications. The foremost result is that ordinary life of the people will come to a halt. For example, the low income group in the society will have to tighten their belts. This will lead to many poor social indices like, health, education, child mortality and morbidity to mention a few. Secondly, it widens the gap between the rich and poor. The rich becomes richer and the poor becomes poorer. This ultimately will cause social unrest and disharmony. Other major results are poverty, malnutrition, unhealthy trade practices and rise in crime rates. 95

So, it is right to conclude that price rise is a common market trend everywhere. Unless governments intervene in time and take effective measures to keep prices under check, ordinary life will be difficult and the same will have far reaching ramifications in the society. 40

270 words. Jaypees.
Visit: www.jpsukham.blogspot.com

Sunday, April 26, 2009

An exercise/sport you like

Swimming
· Swimming is probably the closest one can to be the perfect exercise.
· The buoyancy of water protects the joints of the body from exertion.
· The cushioning that the water provides makes swimming a special and safe sport.
· It tones our entire body while providing an excellent cardio vascular workout.
· It strengthens ones heart muscles and also improves delivery of oxygen to muscles.
· It is suitable for all age groups, whether one is nine years or ninety years.
· So, it is right to say one is not too young or too old to swim.
· And when it comes to expense, we can say swimming is the cheapest means of getting exercise.

End of the text. 115 words


An exercise/sport you like

Tennis
1. Tennis is of course an excellent sport, and it is getting popular even in rural areas.
2. Recreations tennis improves over all stamina, speed and strength.
3. It also enhances generally body coordination and agility because it demands change of body positioning to hit the ball.
4. And we need to change of direction very abruptly during play.
5. The sport employs nearly every muscle group,
6. Particularly those of the arms and legs get the best of movements.
7. It increases flexibility because so many moves especially the serve, require a full range of motion.
8. Something special about this sport is that it gives us company
9. And the every time there is a will to outperform our companion.
End of the text. 115 words


An exercise/sport you like

Cycling
· It is probably the most convenient and interesting sport activity available in our countryside.
· Especially when it is recreational, cycling is the best.
· It is a low impact exercise, especially appropriate for people who are unable to do weigh exercise.
· It is a non-weight bearing sport.
· The weight of the cyclist is borne by the saddle.
· It is essential that one should select a bike suited to one’s needs. What is required is this:
· Set the saddle to the correct position,
· Sit on the saddle and place the pedal on the lowest position.
· When we put our heel on the pedal, the knee need to come slightly bent.
· That is what one needs to do to get the best of cycling.
· It is only when the cyclist and the body are in harmony with each other that optimum performance can be achieved.

End of the text. 115 words

Saturday, April 25, 2009

Speak about your dream destination
· Name of the place
· When do you want to be there?
· Why do you want to be there?

Well, frankly speaking, I would like to be in many distant locations. Places like, say, Sidney, Wales, Rome and so on.

Among them, I wish to be in Sidney, Australia.
Actually it has always been my dream to be there,
And I have been striving hard to get myself prepared for the same, and, I would say, this test itself is part of the same. And my plan is to be there in a year or so.

Yes, there are many reasons for my liking towards this place.
I have heard from many sources, like media, Internet and of course from my friends that Sidney is an exotic destination
and it offers something for every one.

For professionals, it is a metropolis of opportunities, for students the city offers many academic facilities, and for travelers, Sidney is a shopping enclave and so goes the list of things that Sidney offers.

And finally, my particular interest towards this place is mainly based on my profession. It is said that Australia is running short of qualified medical professionals.

And I, being one, am very much interested in pursuing a career there. And I am hopeful that I would be able to be there in the immediate future.

That is all about the distant place I would like to be in.
End of the text
Speak about your dream destination
· Name of the place
· When do you want to be there?
· Why do you want to be there?

Well, frankly speaking, I would like to be in many distant locations. Places like, say, Sidney, Wales, Rome and so on.

Among them, I wish to be in Sidney, Australia.
Actually it has always been my dream to be there,
And I have been striving hard to get myself prepared for the same, and, I would say, this test itself is part of the same. And my plan is to be there in a year or so.

Yes, there are many reasons for my liking towards this place.
I have heard from many sources, like media, Internet and of course from my friends that Sidney is an exotic destination
and it offers something for every one.

For professionals, it is a metropolis of opportunities, for students the city offers many academic facilities, and for travelers, Sidney is a shopping enclave and so goes the list of things that Sidney offers.

And finally, my particular interest towards this place is mainly based on my profession. It is said that Australia is running short of qualified medical professionals.

And I, being one, am very much interested in pursuing a career there. And I am hopeful that I would be able to be there in the immediate future.

That is all about the distant place I would like to be in.
End of the text
A landmark in your place
· Where it is located
· What it is called
· Describe it

Yes, my place is known for a few prominent spots
like churches, old buildings and new high-rises.

The landmark I am going speak about is called
Shrine of Fr. Kuriakose Elias, one of our Christian priests
who lived in the middle of the 20th century. He is said to have had many mysterious personal traits.

And this particular shrine is located some five kilometers off my house. The name of the place is called Mannanam.

This shrine is atop a small hillock/mount, so that this shrine stands prominent, and is identifiable from long distance as well.

This is actually a pilgrim center, and Christians from different parts of the state come to visit this landmark.
And coming to it, it displays the belongings of Fr. Kuriakose, and there is a small room in which all his books and furniture items are displayed.

And in one corner of it, there is a small cabin which carries the Spectacle, pen, and a few communications he had had from the British.

And I would say, this place is almost named after this shrine.
End of the text
A piece of jewelry, your favourite jewelry
· What, and where you got it from
· How it looks like
· And why you like it

Well, I like jewelry, and like any one else,
I have my own favourite jewelry, too.

It is a bangle-cum wristwatch.
Actually it is a gift.
And it was presented to me by my father
On my graduation day.
As I said earlier it is a two in one piece.
It primarily looks like a bangle,
But on closer look one can see a small case
which is oval in shape, and that case carries
a cute sparkling dial in it.

It looks like a human eye, and the inside of which is extremely beautiful with its time indicators, sparkling as they are of stone.
Something interesting about this particular watch is that it makes a beep every hour.

And my reasons for liking are many.
Firstly, it is a present from my father.
Secondly, it reminds me of my graduation day.
And thirdly, it is really precious cost-wise and other wise. Well, what what else is there about it?
Yeah, yes, it can be opended and closed, in the sense that I don’t have to push it in, rather I can open it and close it on my wrist

Yes, that is all about my favourite piece of jewelry.
Endo of the text
A piece of jewelry, your favourite jewelry
· What, and where you got it from
· How it looks like
· And why you like it

Well, I like jewelry, and like any one else,
I have my own favourite jewelry, too.

It is a bangle-cum wristwatch.
Actually it is a gift.
And it was presented to me by my father
On my graduation day.
As I said earlier it is a two in one piece.
It primarily looks like a bangle,
But on closer look one can see a small case
which is oval in shape, and that case carries
a cute sparkling dial in it.

It looks like a human eye, and the inside of which is extremely beautiful with its time indicators, sparkling as they are of stone.
Something interesting about this particular watch is that it makes a beep every hour.

And my reasons for liking are many.
Firstly, it is a present from my father.
Secondly, it reminds me of my graduation day.
And thirdly, it is really precious cost-wise and other wise. Well, what what else is there about it?
Yeah, yes, it can be opended and closed, in the sense that I don’t have to push it in, rather I can open it and close it on my wrist

Yes, that is all about my favourite piece of jewelry.
Endo of the text
Speak about a skill you wished to learn
· What that was
· When you wanted to learn
· Why you failed to learn it

Well, we all need to horn some skills in our life.
Some are able to master all the skills they wish to learn.
Some others fail in some.

The same, way I too wished to learn a skill.
It was driving.
And I wanted to learn it while I was doing my higher education.

And I had even made arrangements with a driving school.
And as per the arrangement, I was supposed to undergo road training for 30 days, and my master wanted me to be ready in the early morning, at 6.00 every day.

Unfortunately, that was not the right time for me, and the school was not able to give me a suitable time either.

Somehow I attended a few days’ classes.
And after a few days, I turned irregular, and it went on for a long time, and finally, I was forced to quit that effort midway through.

And now, at times, I feel that I had made a big mistake.
Now we have a car, and my brother and father drive it. But sadly enough, my liking for driving is still there, it gets intense whenever I see them drive.

Sadly enough, now I find it more difficult to go for driving class than it was before when I went attending, and later abandoned. 2 mnts.
Speak about a skill you wished to learn
· What that was
· When you wanted to learn
· Why you failed to learn it

Well, we all need to horn some skills in our life.
Some are able to master all the skills they wish to learn.
Some others fail in some.

The same, way I too wished to learn a skill.
It was driving.
And I wanted to learn it while I was doing my higher education.

And I had even made arrangements with a driving school.
And as per the arrangement, I was supposed to undergo road training for 30 days, and my master wanted me to be ready in the early morning, at 6.00 every day.

Unfortunately, that was not the right time for me, and the school was not able to give me a suitable time either.

Somehow I attended a few days’ classes.
And after a few days, I turned irregular, and it went on for a long time, and finally, I was forced to quit that effort midway through.

And now, at times, I feel that I had made a big mistake.
Now we have a car, and my brother and father drive it. But sadly enough, my liking for driving is still there, it gets intense whenever I see them drive.

Sadly enough, now I find it more difficult to go for driving class than it was before when I went attending, and later abandoned. 2 mnts.
Speak about a skill you wished to learn
· What that was
· When you wanted to learn

· Why you failed to learn it

Well, we all need to horn some skills in our life.
Some are able to master all the skills they wish to learn.
Some others fail in some.

The same, way I too wished to learn a skill.
It was driving.
And I wanted to learn it while I was doing my higher education.

And I had even made arrangements with a driving school.
And as per the arrangement, I was supposed to undergo road training for 30 days, and my master wanted me to be ready in the early morning, at 6.00 every day.

Unfortunately, that was not the right time for me, and the school was not able to give me a suitable time either.

Somehow I attended a few days’ classes.
And after a few days, I turned irregular, and it went on for a long time, and finally, I was forced to quit that effort midway through.

And now, at times, I feel that I had made a big mistake.
Now we have a car, and my brother and father drive it. But sadly enough, my liking for driving is still there, it gets intense whenever I see them drive.

Sadly enough, now I find it more difficult to go for driving class than it was before when I went attending, and later abandoned. 2 mnts.
III Mutual respect is an integral requirement of all relationships whether between married couples, parent and child, lovers, friends, peers or bosses and subordinates.

Comment on this statement.

· Catalyst
· No matter between who
· Hard to maintain.

1. it is an extension
2. respect to respect
3. love to love
4. give to get

· proved
· couples
· parent and child
· lovers and friends etc.

relation is respect
if not, it is not
Mutually binding
Interdependent


Write 275 words out of this skeleton. Write entirely differently, write clearly and convincingly, of course, quoting examples. Good luck.


Visit.www.jpsukham.blogspot.com
II The respect quotient that exists between parents and children these days is based much more on the achievements of children themselves than on anything else: like material success, professional fiat or social position of the parents and family.


How far is this statement true in your society?

a catalyst
there are factors
typical of filial relations
True.

Ambitious,
materialistic attitude,
competition,
false pride
Snobbery.

Children dependant
Success through kids
Everything secondary
Obsessed with egos

· right
· achieving kids
· more respect
· it is a failure

Write 275 words out of this skeleton. Write entirely differently, write clearly and convincingly, of course, quoting examples. Good luck.
Visit.www.jpsukham.blogspot.com
I The respect quotient that exists between parents and children these days is based much more on the achievements of parents themselves than on anything else, like right family ambience, better upbringing, healthcare etc.

How far do you agree or disagree with this statement?

1. a catalyst
2. other factors
3. typical of parents and children
4. Egreeable to a great extent.
· Parents are models
· Achievements are signs
· Children followers
· Highly dependent
· Respect get related
1. other factors
2. right family etc.
3. contributes
4. poor performers
5. respect nosedives

· right to agree
· better achieves
· more respect
· Poor records

Write 275 words out of this skeleton. Write entirely differently, write clearly and convincingly, of course, quoting examples. Good luck.
Visit.www.jpsukham.blogspot.com
I The respect quotient that exists between parents and children these days is based much more on the achievements of parents themselves than on anything else, like right family ambience, better upbringing, healthcare etc.

How far do you agree or disagree with this statement?


II The respect quotient that exists between parents and children these days is based much more on the achievements of children themselves than on anything else: like material success, professional fiat or social position of the parents and family.


How far is this statement true in your society?

III Mutual respect is an integral requirement of all relationships whether between married couples, parent and child, lovers, friends, peers or bosses and subordinates.

Comment on this statement.Visit.www.jpsukham.blogspot.com

Thursday, April 23, 2009

Factors motivating young professionals to succeed: Bar chart on Survey result

The bar chard presents result of a survey conducted on a group of young professionals, aged between 20-30, to find out what motivated them to succeed in their life. 27 words

To begin with, 80% participants responded that personal satisfaction and ambition were the major factors that contributed to their success. Following them were another 75% who said that it was family pressure. Sixty percent respondents were of opinion that pressure from the society motivated them whereas 50% had the impression that desire for material things rivalry were helping them succeed. 60 words

When peer pressure and money motivated another 45% each to succeed, slightly above 30% youngsters found motivation in feeling inadequate. Envy/jealousy drove 30% to succeed followed by another 25% who felt that it was fear of failure that made them succeed. 36 words

Though different people have different views on factors leading to success, fear of failure motivates the least number of youngsters and ambition and money motivate the most. 28 words

150 words
jaypeedoc. 24/4/08

Wednesday, April 22, 2009

Rising instances of child abuse being reported from third world nations are attributed primarily to the falling socio-economic standards prevailing there.

· How far is this true in your opinion?
· Suggest your own ways to cut down on instance of child abuse.

jaypees.doc. jpsukham.blogspot.com. 24/4/09

It is true that children of third world nations are more exposed to instances of abuse than their counterparts elsewhere. Most of the time, it is the falling standards of living that keep children exposed to abuses. However, it is possible to cut down on these instances. 45 words

Child abuse can be defined as any action which happens inside or outside the house that harms the physical, psychological and emotional well being of children. This happens due to many factors, but most of the time it is poor standard of living that causes the lion’s share of child abuse cases reported from third nations. Poor socio economic conditions make parents send their kids for labour, like child labour, and they in turn get abused. They are deprived of education too. Poor living conditions make them go without enough food, clothing and medical care. They suffer from malnutrition, physical assaults and finally, what happens is children become vulnerable in the family too. Their ignorance about their rights and privileges worsen their plight. 110.

However, this situation can be reversed in many ways. Primarily, there needs to be efforts from the richer sections of the society to provide support for the poor ones. Secondly, governments should identify poor families and arrange for their basic necessities. Thirdly, if schools provide mid-day meals and free study aids, more and more kids will go to school. When they get educated, they themselves will strive hard to cut down on child abuse. And finally, there needs to be strict laws to book those ones who promote child labour, an area where children get abused maximum. 90 words

To conclude, child abuse is a crime against humanity, and the need for curbing such instances, whether is happening in poor nations or anywhere, is mounting these days. No nation can succeed without incorporating its children in its main agenda. Children are the assets. 40 words

285 words. 23/4/09
Your favourite restaurant

Name it
Where it is
How often you go there
Why you like it

Well, as part of our life, we all go out and eat out.
The same way, I too do the same, and I have my own favourite place for the same.

The name of the restaurant is Ashoka restarant.
It is situated in the heart of the nearest town.
Distance-wise, I would say, it is some 15 km off my home.

I go there, say, once in a month or so.
And most of the time I go with friends.
And a couple of times, I went there with my family too.

And of course, I like the place because of many things.

Basically, I like the dishes they serve.
Their menu is really diverse, and they serve food from across the world,
For example, Indian, Chinese, and even European dishes are offered upon request

Secondly, I like the ambience, it is properly lighted, and the interior is beautifully
painted and decorated. There is accompaniment of soft music too.
It is quiet, neat and tidy, and of course it is maintained impeccably.
Seating is spacious. And there are private seating arrangements for families.

Thirdly, I think, it is conveniences. When it comes it,
I would say, the staff there are really friendly,
The cutlery and crockery are sparkling, and the delivery of food is really fast.
That is, we need not wait for long after ordering our dishes.
They serve hot and cold water, and if needed they supply distilled water too.

And certainly, the bill is affordable. Apart from all these,
the parking facility they have is really spacious.
The parking lot can accommodate nearly 20 cars at a time.
That is really convenient for today’s nuclear families. You see sir. Yes, er..er.

Well, that is all about my favourite restaurant.

Take the language, and understand the frame, and destroy the paper.

Visit jpsukham.blogspot.com.
Type in: Vaatupura A. Jayaprakash on google.
Many celebrities, like film-stars and sports icons, are found to be endorsing consumer products and services, both harmful and useful, marketed by multinational companies. This tendency promotes unhealthy shopping practices.

How far is it justifiable that celebrities go for paid endorsements?
What are the impacts of the resultant unhealthy shopping practices?

www.jpsukham.blogspot.com. 22/4/09

Marketing organizations adopt many tricks to promote their sales. One such trick is celebrity endorsement. This is very common now. But it is really hard to justify them go for paid endorsements promoting harmful products and services. It creates unhealthy shopping tendencies, and the same will lead to many consequences. 45 words

It is a fact that celebrities are entitled to enjoy many privileges and freedom in the society, the same way, they have the moral responsibility not to harm the well being of the society in any way. Unfortunately, many celebrities go for paid endorsement of harmful products. For example, one famous Indian film star is endorsing coca cola which is harmful to health and its commercial production causes so many environmental and social problems. This is not justifiable at all because, people have great respect and regard for celebrities, and they in turn will come to believe that coca cola is good for health, and they may go shopping the same. It is no good. Therefore, it will be fair if celebrities stay away from paid endorsement of harmful products. 105

On the other hand, if they go promoting such unhealthy shopping practices, it will lead to many social problems. Primarily, people will go for indiscriminate buying. This will cause wastage money, harming of health, and generating of waste. Secondly, it promotes consumerism, and the same is not good for any society. And finally, celebrity endorsements will create a feeling in the minds of the people that everything is right if advocated by their favourite stars. This is dangerous in many ways, especially when it comes to kids. 80 words

The above points make me conclude that celebrities have positive roles to play in the society, and they should never use their privileges to mislead the public, who give them privileges and rights, by endorsing unhealthy products. If they do, the society will come to pick up many unhealthy tendencies. 45 words


280 words.
Jpsukham.blogspo.com. 22/4/09

Tuesday, April 21, 2009

An instance in when you helped someone.·
When that was·
Who you helped·
What help you offered·
What you felt after that.

Well, sir, as part of my personal life and professional life,I have had many opportunities to help others.Among them, I would like to speak of one which I particularly remember.

It happened last year. And it was like this:
I was on my way to Pondichery on a train.The journey up to Coimbatore was really interestingas I happened to meet many people, including students,professionals and ordinary folk.When we reached Coimbatore, as usual, a lot of passengers got in andout of the compartment.

But no sooner than the train left the station,one of my newly met friends had started panicking and shouting out,that someone had stolen her bag.She broke down like anything because she had all her belonging in thatbag.I felt really sorry for her first, but soon, I tried to console herwith encouraging words and offered her all the help.

Within a short while she came back to her normal mood.When we reached Pondichery, I took her to my place, and I made her comfortable.

On the following day, I accompanied her to the hospital where she wasgoing to attend an interview. She attended the same, and I arrangedfor her return trip to Kerala.When it comes to the feelings on the incident, frankly speaking,I didn’t expect anything, She thanked me a lot and the same made really glad.

However, after some three four weeks, I received a call from her.She told me that she had got selection in the interview.That was the best of all phone calls I have ever received.Now she is working there, and we are thick friends.

That is all about the incident when I helped someone.Jaypees.doc. www.jpsukham.blogspot.com

Monday, April 20, 2009

Disaster management D.P.Rao Director, National Remote Sensing Agency, A Reading prepared by jaypee
Abstract
1. With the tropical climate and unstable landforms, coupled with high population density, poverty, illiteracy and lack of adequate infrastructure, India is one of the most vulnerable developing countries to suffer very often from various natural disasters, namely drought, flood, cyclone, earth quake, landslide, forest fire, hail storm, locust, volcanic eruption, etc. Which strike causing a devastating impact on human life, economy and environment.
2.
Though it is almost impossible to fully recoup the damage caused by the disasters, it is possible to (i) minimize the potential risks by developing early warning strategies (ii) prepare and implement developmental plans to provide resilience to such disasters (iii) mobilize resources including communication and telemedicinal services, and (iv) to help in rehabilitation and post-disaster reconstruction. Space technology plays a crucial role in efficient mitigation of disasters. While communication satellites help in disaster warning, relief mobilization and tele-medicinal support, earth observation satellites provide required database for pre-disaster preparedness programmes, disaster response, monitoring activities and post-disaster damage assessment, and reconstruction, and rehabilitation.
Introduction
3. Various disasters like earthquake, landslides, volcanic eruptions, fires, flood and cyclones are natural hazards that kill thousands of people and destroy billions of dollars of habitat and property each year. The rapid growth of the world's population and its increased concentration often in hazardous environment has escalated both the frequency and severity of natural disasters. With the tropical climate and unstable land forms, coupled with deforestation, unplanned growth proliferation non-engineered constructions which make the disaster-prone areas mere vulnerable, tardy communication, poor or no budgetary allocation for disaster prevention, developing countries suffer more or less chronically by natural disasters. Asia tops the list of casualties due to natural disaster. Among various natural hazards, earthquakes, landslides, floods and cyclones are the major disasters adversely affecting very large areas and population in the Indian sub-continent.
4.
These natural disasters are of (i) geophysical origin such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, land slides and (ii) climatic origin such as drought, flood, cyclone, locust, forest fire. Though it may not be feasible to control nature and to stop the development of natural phenomena but the efforts could be made to avoid disasters and alleviate their effects on human lives, infrastructure and property. Rising frequency, amplitude and number of natural disasters and attendant problem coupled with loss of human lives prompted the General Assembly of the United Nations to proclaim 1990s as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) through a resolution 44/236 of December 22, 1989 to focus on all issues related to natural disaster reduction. In spite of IDNDR, there had been a string of major disaster throughout the decade. Nevertheless, by establishing the rich disaster management related traditions and by spreading public awareness the IDNDR provided required stimulus for disaster reduction. It is almost impossible to prevent the occurrence of natural disasters and their damages.
5.
However, it is possible to reduce the impact of disasters by adopting suitable disaster mitigation strategies. The disaster mitigation works mainly address the following: (i) minimise the potential risks by developing disaster early warning strategies, (ii) prepare and implement developmental plans to provide resilience to such disasters, (iii) mobilise resources including communication and tele-medicinal services and (iv) to help in rehabilitation and post-disaster reduction.
6.
Disaster management on the other hand involves: (i) pre-disaster planning, preparedness, monitoring including relief management capability. (ii) prediction and early warning. (iii) damage assessment and relief management. Disaster reduction is a systematic work which involves with different regions, different professions and different scientific fields, and has become an important measure for human, society and nature sustainable development.
Role of Space Technology
7. Space systems from their vantage position have unambiguously demonstrated their capability in providing vital information and services for disaster management . The Earth Observation satellites provide comprehensive, synoptic and multi temporal coverage of large areas in real time and at frequent intervals and 'thus' - have become valuable for continuous monitoring of atmospheric as well as surface parameters related to natural disasters. Geo-stationary satellites provide continuous and synoptic observations over large areas on weather including cyclone-monitoring. Polar orbiting satellites have the advantage of providing much higher resolution imageries, even though at low temporal frequency, which could be used for detailed monitoring, damage assessment and long-term relief management.

8.

The vast capabilities of communication satellites are available for timely dissemination of early warning and real-time coordination of relief operations. The advent of Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSAT) and Ultra Small Aperture Terminals (USAT) and phased - array antennae have enhanced the capability further by offering low cost, viable technological solutions towards management and mitigation of disasters. Satellite communication capabilities-fixed and mobile are vital for effective communication, especially in data collection, distress alerting, position location and co-ordinating relief operations in the field. In addition, Search and Rescue satellites provide capabilities such as position determination facilities onboard which could be useful in a variety of land, sea and air distress situations.
Answer these questions. You may write a word or phrase or a few complete sentences taking information from the text. You may decide the length of the answer according the type of the question.

What are the major types of disasters suffered by nations around the world?
What are the ways to minimize the impact of these disasters?
What has escalated the frequency and gravity of disasters these days?
Name the region that is affected most by disasters.
What are the major natural disasters?
What prompted the UN to declare 1990s as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR).
What all things do disaster mitigation strategies address?
Viable technological solutions towards management and mitigation of disasters: what are those viable solutions according to the author?
How do search and rescue satellite help disaster management?
What role does space technology play in disaster management?
Paragraph headings:

1. India’s being disaster prone
2. Search and rescue satellites
3. Possibilities of managing disasters
4. Role of Geocentric stationery satellites
5. Reasons for the rising of frequency and severity of disasters.
6. Volcanic eruption and damages.
7. Disaster origins: two types
8. Establishing disaster management
9. Disaster minimizing techniques
10. Disaster reduction and management
11. Post disaster-damage assessment
12. Space technology and disaster management
13. Potentials of communication satellites

Fill in the blanks: No more than four words

Earth observation satellites give needed database for pre-disaster readiness programmes, disaster response, monitoring activities and post-disaster damage assessment,……………………………………..
Landslides, volcanic eruptions, fires, flood and cyclones are…………………………………..
What does the IDNDR give ………………………………………….?
Regular and synoptic observations are supplied by…………………………….
What are pivotal for efficient communication………………………………..?
Reading prepared by Jaypees.doc. 21/4/09

Sunday, April 19, 2009

(Cultural) Heritage Tourism.

Heritage tourism involves visiting historical or industrial sites that may include old canals, railways, battlegrounds, etc. The overall purpose is to gain an appreciation of the past. It also refers to the marketing of a location to members of a diaspora who have distant family roots there.Cultural heritage tourism (or just heritage tourism) is a branch of tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of the location where tourism is occurring.Culture has always been a major object of travel, as the development of the Grand Tour from the 16th century onwards attests. In the 20th century, some people have claimed, culture ceased to be the objective of tourism: tourism is now culture.

Cultural attractions play an important role in tourism at all levels, from the global highlights of world culture to attractions that underpin local identities. Culture,heritage and the arts have long contributed to appeal of tourist destination. However, in recent years ‘culture’ has been rediscovered as an important marketing tool to attract those travellers with special interests in heritage and arts.Cultural heritage tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry because there is a trend toward an increase specialization among tourists. This trend is evident in the rise in the volume of tourists who seek adventure, culture, history,archaeology and interaction with local people.Cultural heritage tourism is important for various reasons; it has a positive economic and social impact, it establishes and reinforces identity, it helps preserve the cultural heritage, with culture as an instrument it facilitates harmony and understanding among people, it supports culture and helps renew tourism.

Cultural heritage tourism has a number of objectives that must be met within the context of sustainable development such as; the conservation of cultural resources, accurate interpretation of resources, authentic visitors experience, and the stimulation of the earned revenues of cultural resources.

We can see, therefore, that cultural heritage tourism is not only concerned with identification, management and protection of the heritage values but it must also be involved in understanding the impact of tourism on communities and regions, achieving economic and social benefits, providing financial resources for protection, as well as marketing and promotion.Heritage tourism involves visiting historical or industrial sites that may include old canals, railways, battlegrounds, etc. The overall purpose is to gain an appreciation of the past. It also refers to the marketing of a location to members of a diaspora who have distant family roots there.Decolonization and immigration form the major background of much contemporary heritage tourism. Falling travel costs have also made heritage tourism possible for more people.

Another possible form involves religious travel or pilgrimages. Many Catholics from around the world come to the Vatican and other sites such as Lourdes or Fátima. Large numbers of Jews have both visited Israel and emigrated there. Many have also gone to Holocaust sites and memorials. Islam commands its followers to take the hajj to Mecca, thus differentiating it somewhat from tourism in the usual sense,though the trip can also be a culturally important event for the pilgrim.Heritage Tourism can also be attributed to historical events that have been dramatised to make them more entertaining. For example a historical tour of a town or city using a theme such as ghosts or vikings.-- JAYPEE.20/4/09. vikipedia
Many governments set aside sizeable amount of money for promoting heritage tourism, and the same is widely being appreciated by tourists, both domestic and international.

· What are the major advantages of promoting heritage tourism?· Why is it gaining popularity now? jaypees.doc. 20/4/09

Friday, April 17, 2009

It is generally believed that all individuals who run for public (elected) offices need to be free from corruption, crime and personal interests. But, most of the time, in many poor nations, it is not so.·
What are the factors that lead to this situation?·
What advantages does a nation enjoy out of a clean elected house?Jaypees. 17/4/09

Corruption, crime and personal interests do harm the political systems around the world, though it is a fact that people who run for public offices are expected to be free from these. There are many factors that make poor nations suffer from the same, and a nation with a clean elected house enjoys many advantages. 55 words

The major factors that lead to this state of affairs are many. Firstly, it is the huge, underprivileged and ignorant population. A nation with a huge population suffers from social evils like corruption, crimes and vested personal interests. Secondly, the falling standard of living in these nations makes the public apathetic to the business of running their nation. Thirdly, money and muscle power plays a role too. The corrupt and criminals are able to control and manipulate public sentiments in their favour with money and material powers. Poor legal system, and the widening gap between the ruled and the ruling are the other factors that make criminals and the corrupt people come to the fray. 100 words

However, it is a fact that a nation with a clean elected house enjoys many advantages. Firstly, such a nation will experience social harmony and all round growth. Secondly, such a nation will be free from crimes and corruption which in turn will lead the nation to better heights of reputation and rewards. Thirdly, people in general will enjoy better living standards. Their wholehearted participation in the nation building process will lead to better opportunities for both the nation and its populace. In short, a clean house of elected officers is a pride to a nation of any make, rich or poor. 85

To conclude, the future of the nation is in the hands of its leaders. But if the population is not wise enough to elect their leaders rightly, no nation can achieve growth. So it is important that people who run for offices are free from social evils, so that the nation would benefit greatly out of its leaders’ clean character. 50 words

290 words. Jaypee. 17/4/09

Thursday, April 16, 2009

Speaking of the past: the most spoken of area in communicative English language.

I WE YOU THEY HE SHE it

had
needed
wanted
wished
liked to fill up/complete
did
used
was/were able to
would go
could write
was
were interested in
looked
seemed
appeared
was


You are requested to write as many sentences as you can, using the above past combinations. You may select ideas from your past experiences, and all examples need to be different in content. It is a good idea to write positive and negative sentences.

Past probabilities: basic combinations

I WE YOU THEY HE SHE it



Could have BEEN happy, rich, interesting
Should have
Must have DONE
Ought to have
Might have


A jaypeesdoc. 17/4/09
It is generally believed that all individuals who run for public (elected) offices need to be free from corruption, crime and personal leanings. But, most of the time, in many poor nations, it is not so.·

What are the factors that lead to this situation?·
What advantages does a nation enjoy out of a clean elected house?Jaypees. 17/4/09

Tuesday, April 7, 2009

Man’s technological progress has far outstripped his moral progress in the past two thousand years.

· To what extent do you agree with this?

All technological innovations are aimed at making changes in the way we live and make our life simpler and more convenient. This is becoming clearer every passing day. But this technological progress seems to have taken its toll on the moral progress of man to a great extent. 45 words

To begin with, no aspect of human of life - whether it is social, personal, religious, cultural or familial or whatever- is left untouched by the technological progress man has achieved over the years. For example, the way we socialize with others is a reflection of our moral values and strength. But with the arrival of technological progress, many of us are not ready to stick to the traditional ways of socializing. Instead we go for impersonal communications. Not many are worried about the way we communicated so personally in the past. Our obligation to be present somewhere is taken care of by technologically facilitated presence. So is the case with other aspects. The way we look at the welfare of others, our attitude to the welfare of our immediate neighbours, to mention a few. 135 words

However, it is hard to make a generalization in this regard. There are many human moral aspects that remain still in tact. They are immune to the onslaught of technological progress. For example, in all human societies it is morally important that no guilty escapes trial and punishment and no innocent gets punished. Barring a few instances of fabricating evidences and implicating crimes, the ultimate moral obligation of the justice system all over the world remains the same. 70 words

Therefore, it is right to conclude that, to a great extent, man’s technological progress has had great impact on his moral progress. But, there are some age old morally practices that hardly change. They will ever be so, hopefully. 35 words

285 words. Jaypees
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www.jpsukham.blogspot.com
vaatupura on google

Monday, April 6, 2009

Centres of learning need to include private sector HR personnel in their curriculum committee because they are the ones who decide on the skill-sets and qualifications required for the changing needs of modern employment environment.

• Do you think it is a good idea? If yes, state reasons.
• What are the changes you see in today’s employment environment?

The idea of including HR personnel in the curriculum committees is gaining popularity all over the world. This is a good idea too, because modern employment environment is governed more by private sector than by public sector, and the former is witnessing great changes as well. 45 words

It is a good idea primarily because, Private Sector organizations are the biggest employment providers. They demand excellent quality and skill-sets from prospective candidates who seek employment with them. For example; private sector employers offer huge pay packs because they want to get their done professionally. So in order to ensure that professionalism, all centres of learning need to include a few HR personnel in their curriculum committee so that the latter can suggest the type of quality they expect of candidates whom the centres groom out. 85 words

This is much important today than it was before because today’s privates sector employment environment is witnessing great changes almost on a daily basis. The major change is the arrival of IT enabled services in offices. Secondly, there is rising competition between organizations and this demands all employees to be competent and up-to-date. Thirdly, new jobs are emerging everyday, and these jobs demand newer skills and qualifications. So it is change and the need for change all the way. 80 words

The above points make it clear that education needs to be employment oriented, and the need for including HR personnel is more important today than it was yesterday. Looking at the changes in today’s career scenario centres of leaning need to keep better rapport with employment providers. 45 words

255 Words jaypees. 11.40 am 6/4/09

Friday, April 3, 2009

Alarming growth in population threatens the world in many ways, and studies show that over population will endanger ecology in more ways than one.

How does population growth threaten the ecology?
Suggest ways to offset this ecological imbalance? Jaypees. 3/4/09

Humans are facing a very big threat, not from wars or from climate disasters, but from humans themselves. It is population explosion. It threatens the world more than anything else does. And this alarming situation affects the ecological balance in myriad ways, and there are ways to balance it. 45 words

Ecological balance is the ability of the ecology to sustain life on it. When population explodes, the ecology happens to suffer from imbalances. The major one is that the ecology is forced to produce resources much faster than it is able to. For example, over exploitation of natural resource like water: overpopulation depletes ground water level, and this leads to many ecological consequences. Secondly, it is known that when there are more people to be fed than what is available to feed them with, there is pressure on the ecology to produce more. More production means more pollution and waste. Global warming is what it brings about. 90 words

How can we offset it? There are many ways. First of all, the present population should realize that nature has rare way of sustaining life on it, and human intervention will cause irreparable damage to it. The point is we should lead our lives with minimum requirements, so that pressure on the ecology could be minimized. Secondly, people need to promote inclusive growth. That is; whenever there is a new development project, we should see the ecological effects of the same. To be precise, all human activities need to be eco-friendly and inclusive. Thirdly, people should avoid luxuries and live life following eco-friendly practices. 95words

To conclude it, life on earth is impossible if ecological balance is threatened in anyway. As it is known that population growth is the major threat, we all have to do something to cut down on population. The ways suggested above may go a long way in solving burgeoning issue. 45 words

Jaypees. 3/4/09. 11.4.5. am. 275 words

Thursday, April 2, 2009

Controlling population is a personal obligation and social responsibility of all for the welfare of all.

Comment on it.

Population is exploding, all the measures to control it notwithstanding. And the world is finding it difficult to meet the rising needs of population and life is becoming difficult in many societies. What is the way out? For the general well being of all, people should take it as their personal obligation and social responsibility. 45 words

It is an accepted fact that any change in a given society can be achieved only if people of that society decide to accept a change. Governments many be successful in forming and implementing measures to control population. But when it comes to the results of any such move, it is the people’s response to it that makes the difference. So long as people remain indifferent to a change, not government or enforcement of any rule will bring out any remarkable change in the society. This is true with regard to population control as well. 90 words

The same way, this attitudinal change towards population control alone will be able to a make some visible developments in the society. The success or the general welfare of a society is possible only if people take part in its development. It is actually a responsibility of everyone that he or she is putting in his/her share for the whole society. If all newly formed families come forward and resolve that they will not have more than certain number of children, say two - male or female-, certainly, population will come down. This will make the world a better place to be in. 95 words

The above points establish the fact that controlling population is a collective social and personal responsibility that every individual should share. Individual welfare is social welfare. It is true the other way round, too. So, population control needs to be an individual initiative. 40 words

270 words jaypee 3/4/09. jaypeesdoc.
jaypeescopies.yahoo.co.in. http://www.jpsukham.blogspot.com/

Wednesday, April 1, 2009

Environmentalists world over are urging private and public sector organizations to get their offices automated so that they could, in the long run, do without paper.

What do you think are the environmental advantages a paperless office offers?
What are the major advantages of an automated office? Jaypees. Level II 1/4/09

Environmental concerns emanating from paper industry are so huge that environmentalists around the world recommend more and more paperless offices, both public and private. It is true that paperless office offers many environmental advantages. And the same way, offices enjoy many advantages when they go paperless. 45 words

The primary environmental advantage is that we can save great number of trees because soft wood is the raw material for paper. This leads to protection of green cover and the resultant benefits there of like maintenance of ecological equilibrium, temperature balance, CO2 processing, regular rainfall, to mention a few. Secondly, paper industry generates a lot of waste, and it consumes great amount of water also. If our dependence of paper gets reduced, in the long run, we can do without papers, and avoid many industry-related and environment sensitive situations. 90 words

The same way, paperless office offers many advantages, too. First of all, office functioning will be much easier and faster. For example: an automated office, which depends more on IT enabled automation than on paper based one, enjoys a lot of flexibilities. That is; it will be easy to maintain inter-office and intra-office communication. Secondly, it enables faster office functioning. For example; messages and data of all types and sizes can be sent and received in no time, and so the available time can be better converted into money. So, it is right to say paperless offices save money too. 90 words

Concluding it, the need for finding more environment-friendly office solutions is mounting day by day, and, if offices start to adopt paperless functioning, the future of the planet will be brighter. It’s needless to say, organizations too will benefit from it. 40 words.


265 words. jaypee