Many developing nations have been able to convert what social scientists call brain drain to brain gain over the years.

How far do you support this view point?

I agree with your views on Brain drain into Brain gain Dr.Manmohan Singhji. The problem of brain drain may be tacked in three different ways

1. Reversing the brain drain
2. Making use of our scientists while they are abroad
3. By controlling and regulating the migration of our scientists going abroad.

Reversing the brain drain

In countries like USA the position is becoming increasingly difficult for Indians to get employment or retain the existing position. The time is therefore opportune for bringing back the Indian scientists. It is not as though India could afford to bring back every Indian but at least where there are well defined and relevant national tasks we should attempt to bring the scientists where their talents and training could be matched with the tasks.

But before we do that it is good to understand the psychology of our scientists abroad. It is not that the Indians abroad do not want to come back to our country in fact quite a few with a brilliant record have returned with special skills and experience which have been put to good use. But some come back and also left disillusioned. Why is this. They say it is not the lack of comfort or salaries that drive them away but it is the environment lacking in challenging opportunities lacking in the required degree of flexibility freedom, flow of thought that suffocates them. There is also lack of proper system for ready recognition and rewarding of merit. What is called for then is a change in our approach a change in our vertical hierarchical system of management and a change in environment that would permit bringing the best of our men.

Measures to encourage the reverse

Given the change of attitude in our research agencies we should do the following to get back our scientists:

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research CSIR maintains a Live Register of every scientist abroad with full details of his special skills training etc. This has to be continuously updated.

Specific agencies and Indian embassies may keep the Indian scientists abroad acquainted with the latest developments in science in India and also the varied avenues of employment potential.

Measures to derive advantage from those who settled abroad

The second question is how to take advantage of our scientis while they are still abroad.

The educational technical and research agencies may invite the Indian scientists like any other foreign visitors as Visiting Scientists for short periods and while they are in India they may be treated as guests of the laboratories and local expenses paid for.

Indian scientists coming home on leave who are specialists in relevant fields are also welcomed to spend a few weeks or months in an appropriate national laboratory as our guests. In special cases they may be paid for their travel expenses or sponsored under the scientists exchange programme.

Similarly the industry may consider inviting technologists and engineers as consultants for short periods.

Once the Scientist works as a visiting professor or scientist he develops affinity to local institute keeps in constant touch with it and feeds it with the latest advances in the subject as well as arranges to supply specialty chemicals equipment spare parts etc.

Regulate the outflow of Scientists

In a democratic system control of mobility is not acceptable. Further for a young scientist going abroad means a period of adventure and expending his horizon which in turn, has its own advantages. However in countries like Japan the scientists do go abroad but come back because the conditions at home are made conducive to their quick return. It is here we have to look into. Relationship between human resources and behavior of economies may be moulded by social system and the pattern of education. The pattern of education as obtained in India today is not relevant to the countrys needs.


By Dr.A.Jagadeesh Nellore AP SILICONINDIADOT COM